A muscular, partly nude Judith presents Holofernes’s head while holding a large sword close to the picture plane.
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A muscular, partly nude Judith presents Holofernes’s head while holding a large sword close to the picture plane.

Jan Sanders van Hemessen, Judith, 1535–1545

Northern Renaissance · Display of the head

Judith

Jan Sanders van Hemessen c. 1500–c. 1566

1535–1545

Gallery label

Van Hemessen makes Judith physically imposing and disquietingly close, neither demure heroine nor effortless court beauty.

Look closely

Sword, arm, torso, and head crowd the shallow space. Her scale is nearly life-size, and the muscular body gives the display an embodied force that polite costume cannot contain.

Why this Judith matters

The painting exposes the ambivalence of the ‘Power of Women’ tradition: admiration for female victory can coexist with fascination, anxiety, and sexual display.

Sources for this record:Art Institute of Chicago record ↗

“Van Hemessen makes Judith physically imposing and disquietingly close, neither demure heroine nor effortless court beauty.”

Narrative index

Primary catalogue placement: display of the head, Judith 13:14–16. The index organizes comparison; it does not claim that every visual detail comes from those verses or that the work touches only one episode.

Text and evidence

The passage behind the image

See the verses in parallel public-domain translations, then return to ask what the artist has omitted, moved, or invented.

Read Judith 13:14–16 →

Image information

Public domain; Art Institute Open Access

Art Institute of Chicago

Image reuse: CC0 1.0