The catalogue image is licensed CC BY-NC-ND. Because this exhibition converts displayed images to WebP, it does not reproduce that no-derivatives file; the museum is invited to permit a suitable display copy.

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Medieval typological manuscript · The act

Virgin Overcomes the Devil; Judith Kills Holofernes, from a Speculum Humanae Salvationis

Unknown Italian illuminator active c. 1370–1390

c. 1370–1390

Gallery label

A medieval Speculum places Judith's victory beside the Virgin overcoming the Devil: typology is built into the page, not supplied as a later gloss.

Look closely

The museum catalogue records two paired tinted drawings on the same folio: the Virgin overcomes the Devil, and Judith kills Holofernes. Their shared scale and adjacency make comparison the organizing form.

Why this Judith matters

This object supplies direct material evidence for the Marian reading of Judith. Medieval typology did not merely call both women virtuous; it made Judith's defeat of a tyrant prefigure Mary's defeat of evil.

Sources for this record:Fitzwilliam Museum catalogue record ↗

“A medieval Speculum places Judith's victory beside the Virgin overcoming the Devil: typology is built into the page, not supplied as a later gloss.”

Narrative index

Primary catalogue placement: the act, Judith 13:6–8. The index organizes comparison; it does not claim that every visual detail comes from those verses or that the work touches only one episode.

Text and evidence

The passage behind the image

See the verses in parallel public-domain translations, then return to ask what the artist has omitted, moved, or invented.

Read Judith 13:6–8 →

Image information

The museum supplies a low-resolution image under CC BY-NC-ND

The catalogue image is licensed CC BY-NC-ND. Because this exhibition converts displayed images to WebP, it does not reproduce that no-derivatives file; the museum is invited to permit a suitable display copy.

Image reuse: CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 (not reproduced here) · license text ↗